What variables can be used to derive Threat Event Frequency (TEF) if an analyst does not estimate TEF?

The correct answer involves using Contact Frequency and Probability of Action to derive Threat Event Frequency (TEF).

Contact Frequency refers to how often a potential threat actor interacts with a system or asset. It represents the rate at which an asset is exposed to potential threats. Probability of Action reflects the likelihood that a threat actor will take malicious or harmful actions when they have the opportunity.

By combining these two variables, analysts can estimate the frequency at which threat events could realistically occur given specific circumstances surrounding the asset in view. This is critical for risk assessment, as knowing both how often a threat actor might come into contact with a system and how likely they are to act on that contact provides a more nuanced understanding of potential risk.

While other options present variables that have relevance in risk assessment, they do not directly relate to deriving TEF in the same way. Contact Frequency and Probability of Action, however, explicitly contribute to calculating the expected frequency of threat events, affirming the correctness of the given answer.